Effect of Massage on Sleep Quality and Motor Development in Infant Aged 3-6 Months
Abstract
Background: In theory, infant massage is beneficial for improving sleep quality, gross and fine motor development. Infants aged 3-6 months are able to receive stimulation that may help develop gross and fine motor development. Massage may improve brain function and raise the release of growth hormone, and strengthen muscle. This study aimed to determine of the effect of massage on sleep quality, gross and fine motor development among infant aged 3-6 months.
Subject and Method: This was a randomized controlled trial, conducted in Magelang, Central Java, from 1 August to 16 September 2016. A total of 60 infants in Azza Momby Spa, Magelang was selected for this study by simple random sampling. This sample was then allocated at random into massage group (n1=30) and control group (n2=30). The independent variable was infant massage. The dependent variables were sleep quality, gross and fine motor development. The data was collected by using questionnaire. The difference of dependent variables between the two groups were tested by Mann-Whitney.
Results: After intervention, infants in the massage group (median=2.00; SD=1.80) slept better than the control group (median=0.00; SD=0.95), and it was statistically significant (p<0.001). Infants in the massage group (median=0.00; SD=0.81) had better gross motor development than the control group (median=0.00; SD=0.72), and it was statistically significant (p=0.043). Infants in the massage group (median=0.00; SD=0.81) had better fine motor development than in the control group (median=0.00; SD=0.48), and it was statistically significant (p=0.018).
Conclusion: Massage is effective to improve sleep quality, gross and fine motor development, in infants aged 3-6 months.
Keywords: massage, sleep quality, gross and fine motor development, infant
Correspondence:
References
Adriana D (2013). Tumbuh kembang dan terapi bermain pada anak. Jakarta : Salemba Medika. p. 8-9.
American Massage Therapy Association (AMTA) (2008). Massage therapy may benefit newborns. Accessed October 2016.
Amstrong T (2003). Smart baby
Askary RK, Aliabadi F (2013). Effect of Tactile Kinesthetic Stimulation on Motor Development of Low Birth Weight Neonates. Iranian Journal of Pediatrics. 23 (3): 289-294.
Chamidah AN (2009). Deteksi Dini Gangguan Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Anak. Jurnal Pendidikan Khusus. 5 (2) : 83-93.
Champion for Children
Field T, Diego MA, Hernandez Reif M, Deeds O, Figuereido B (2006). Moderate Versus Light Pressure Massage Therapy Leads to Greater Weight Gain in Preterm Infants. Infant Behav Dev. 29 (4) : 574- 578.
Guyton H (2007). Buku ajar fisiologi kedokteran. Edisi Sebelas. Jakarta: EGC. p. 707.
Harkreader H (2007). Fundamental of nursing (3rd ed.) . St. Louis Saunders: Courtesy Ballard Medical Products Draper UT.
Halimah A, Suharto, Fajriah SN (2012). Pengaruh Stimulasi Bayi terhadap Perkembangan Motorik Kasar pada Bayi Usia 3-8 Bulan. Jurnal Ilmiah. 5 (1).
Helen S, Lydia L, Karen M (2005). The Benefit of Baby Massage. Pediatric Nursing Journal. 17 (2).
Kachoosangy RA, Aliabadi F (2011). Effect of Tactile Kinesthetic Stimulation on Motor Development of Low Birth Weight Neonates. Iranian Rehabilitation Journal. 9 (13) : 16-18.
Kelmanson IA, Adulas EI (2006). Massage Therapy and Sleep Behaviour in Infant Born with Low Birth Weight. Complement Ther Clin Pract. Elsevier Journal. 12 (3): 200-205.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia (2009). Pedoman Pelaksanaan Stimulasi, Deteksi Dan Intervensi Dini Tumbuh Kembang Anak di Tingkat Pelayanan Kesehatan Dasar. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.
______ (2010). Instrument Stimulasi, Deteksi, dan Intervensi Dini Tumbuh Kembang Anak. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.
Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia (2007). Standar Profesi Bidan. Jakarta : Kepmenkes RI.
Levy SE, Hyman SL (1993). Pediatric Assessment of The Child with Developmental Delay. Pediatric Clin North Am. NCBI. 40 (3): 465-477.
Pamela ME (1993). Elements of Pediatric Physiotherapy, Churchill Livingstone.
Prasetyono DS (2013). Buku Pintar Pijat Bayi. Yogyakarta: Buku Biru.
Rini (2008). Panduan praktis Memijat Buah Hati Anda. Yogyakarta: Nusa Pressindo.
Rodrigues L, Ed D, Gabbard C (2008). Optimizing Early Brain And Motor Development Through Movement. Early Childhood News. Accessed October 2016.
Roesli U (2007). Pedoman pijat bayi. Jakarta: PT. Trubus Agriwidya.
_______ (2008). Pedoman Pijat Bayi. Edisi Revisi. Jakarta: PT Trubus Agri-widia.
_______ (2009). Pedoman Pijat Bayi. Jakarta: Trubus Agriwidya.
_______ (2013). Pedoman Pijat Bayi. Jakarta: Pustaka Pembangunan Swadaya Nusantara.
Ruffin PT (2011). A History of Massage in Nurse Training School Curricula (1860-1945). Journal Holistic Nurse. 29 (1): 61-67.
Schoefer Y, Zutavern, Brockow I, Schafer T, Kramer U, Schaaf B (2007). Health Risks of Early Swimming Pool Attendance. Int Journal Hyg Environment Health.
Shadik N (2011). Pengaruh Pijat Bayi Terhadap Kualitas Tidur Bayi Usia 6-12 Bulan di Rumah Bersalin Rachmi Yogyakarta Tahun 2011. Yogyakarta: STIKES Aisyah.
Sears W, Martha S, Robert S, James S (2008). The Baby Book. Jakarta: Serambi Ilmu Semesta.
________ (2013). The Baby Book: Everything You Need to Know about Your Baby From Birth to Age Two. Jakarta: Serambi Ilmu Semesta.
Soetjiningsih, Gde Ranuh IGN (2014). Tumbuh Kembang Anak. Edisi II. Jakarta : EGC. p. 2-109.
Sulistyawati A (2013). Deteksi Tumbuh Kembang Anak. Jakarta: Salemba Medika.
Underdown A, Barlow J, Brown SS (2010). Tactile Stimulation in Phsysically Health Infants: Result of a Systematic Review. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psycology. 28 (1).
Utami A, Setyaningsih R, Wati KEP (2015). Hubungan Pijat Bayi Dengan Perkembangan Motorik Bayi Usia 1-12 Bulan di Desa Pundungsari Bulu Sukoharjo. JIK. 3 (1): 50
Widiyanti M (2008). Hubungan Pijat Bayi dengan Pola Tidur Bayi Usia 3-6 Bulan Di Bidan Praktek Swasta Ny. Numusriah Kota Kediri. Jurnal Kesehatan. 6 (2): 79-83.
Widodo A, Herawati I (2008). Efektifitas Massage Efflurage terhadap Perkembangan Gross Motoric pada Bayi Usia 3-4 Bulan. Jurnal Kesehatan. ISSN 1979-7621. 1 (1) : 67-72.
Yahya N (2011). SPA Bayi Dan Anak. Solo: Metagraf.
Zero To Three (2012). Behaviour and Development. Washington DC: National Center for Infant, Toddlers and Families.
